If you witness violence, do not look away: seeking help matters

A witness who calls for help promptly can play an important role in protecting someone experiencing violence. Dismissing assault, threats or coercion as “a private matter” may increase the danger. Helping does not always mean intervening physically: alerting the appropriate services is also an important action.

First, assess the risk. Weapons, severe aggression or several attackers may make approaching dangerous for both you and the person affected. From a safe distance, call the police on 102. If someone is injured or needs emergency medical assistance, call 103.

Give the exact location, landmarks, what is happening and whether the danger is continuing. Distinguish what you personally witnessed from assumptions or information heard from others. Report any known weapons or injuries. Answer the operator’s questions and follow instructions. Do not assume somebody else has already called.

If safe, involve security staff or another responsible person. Offer to help the affected person reach safety, but do not encourage them to return to danger. Chasing the attacker, attempting punishment or arguing may worsen the situation. Follow the operator’s medical guidance while waiting for assistance.

Remember the time, location and important details. Existing photographs or videos can be provided to the authorities, but recording must not delay calling for help. Do not post the affected person’s images or personal information on social media. Do not put yourself at risk to gather evidence.

Take particular care when a child is involved. The law requires immediate reporting to the competent authorities and police when facts of violence against a child, or a threat of such violence, are identified. If the danger comes from a parent or someone close, do not hand the child back without ensuring protection; explain the situation to the responsible services.

Support remains important after the incident. Listen without blame and support access to medical, legal or psychological assistance. Do not pressure the person to reconcile or remain silent. Taking action means assessing the situation safely, calling for help and respecting human dignity.